Wednesday, September 19, 2012
The most common isolates from pleural infections.
The most common isolates from pleural infections.
Sept 2012
Source
Immunology and Virology Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Center for Microbiology Put doktora Goldmana 4 21204 Sremska Kamenica Serbia.
Abstract
Isolation and identification of the pathogens are important for appropriate treatment of pleural infections. Distribution of the most frequent causative agents varies throughout the world and may change in time.The objective of the study is to analyze the bacteriological isolates of pleural fluids in order to identify the most frequent infectious agents and assess their variability in time.The retrospective study included 272 patients with positive pleural fluid samples analyzed in 5-year period. The samples were examined using the conventional microbiological technique.Of 315 bacterial isolates the most common were streptococcal species, 105 (33%), of which 55 (17.3%) represented the Streptococcus milleri group. Gram-positive anaerobic cocci were detected in 56 (17.6%) isolates. Enterobacteriaceae family included 27 (8.5%) isolates and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was registered in 13 (4.1%). No statistically significant difference was registered in pathogen distribution in the examined period (p = 0.288).The most common agents of community-acquired pleural infections are the Streptococcus milleri group and anaerobic Gram-positive cocci. They differ from the most common pathogens of pneumonia. Among the hospital-acquired pleural infections, Pseudomonas species, Staphylococcus aureus and enterobacteria prevail. The distribution ofbacterial agents isolated in the 5-year period exhibits no significant differences.
Labels: Enterobacteriaceae, Gram-positive cocci, isolates, pathogens, pleural fluid, pleural infections, Pseudomonas, streptococcal species
# posted by Pat O'Connor @ 9:00 AM
Monday, August 27, 2012
Update on bacterial nosocomial infections.
Update on bacterial nosocomial infections.
Aug 2012
Source
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences & Pathology, College of Public Health & Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Abstract
With increasing use of antimicrobial agents and advance in lifesaving medical practices which expose the patients for invasive procedures, are associated with the ever increasing of nosocomial infections. Despite an effort in hospital infection control measures, health care associated infections are associated with significant morbidity and mortality adding additional health care expenditure which may leads to an economic crisis. The problem is further complicated with the emergence of difficult to treat multidrug resistant (MDR) microorganism in the hospital environment. Virtually every pathogen has the potential to cause infection in hospitalized patients but only limited number of both gram positive and gram negative bacteria are responsible for the majority of nosocomial infection. Among them Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococci takes the leading. Many intrinsic and extrinsic factors predispose hospitalized patients for these pathogens. Following simple hospital hygienic practices and strictly following standard medical procedures greatly reduces infection to a significant level although not all nosocomial infections are avoidable. The clinical spectrum caused by nosocomial pathogens depend on body site of infection, the involving pathogen and the patient's underlying condition. Structural and non structural virulence factors associated with the bacteria are responsible for the observed clinical manifestation. Bacteria isolation and characterization from appropriate clinical materials with antimicrobial susceptibility testing is the standard of laboratory diagnosis.
Labels: antimicrobial, drug resistance, Enterococci, escherichia coli, gram negative, gram positive, hospital infection, nosocomial infections, pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus
# posted by Pat O'Connor @ 9:59 AM
