Friday, March 14, 2008
Management of common bacterial infections of the skin
Management of common bacterial infections of the skin
Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2008 Apr
Bernard P.
Department of Dermatology, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims, France.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Bacterial skin infections commonly encountered in the community include impetigo, folliculitis/furunculosis, simple abscesses, erysipelas and other nonnecrotizing cellulitis. The review focuses on recent epidemiological, bacteriological and therapeutic advances.
RECENT FINDINGS: Impetigo and erysipelas occur in about 20 and 1 person/1000/year, respectively. Main risk factors for erysipelas are toe-web intertrigo and lymphedema. The true incidence of furunculosis is unknown, whereas outbreaks in small communities are reported worldwide. Staphylococcus aureus is the predominant pathogen for impetigo and furunculosis, and methicillin-resistant strains play a growing role in both diseases.
Erysipelas are mainly caused by streptococci, whereas local complications (i.e. abscesses or blisters) may be due to staphylococci, including methicillin-resistant strains in involved geographic areas. Recent trends for treating impetigo and furunculosis predate community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus.
For outbreaks of furunculosis, stringent decolonization measures are showing promise, whereas there is no validated therapeutic regimen for chronic furunculosis.
Current trends for erysipelas involve ambulatory treatments and reduced duration of antibiotics.
SUMMARY: Despite better epidemiological or bacteriological knowledge of common bacterial skin infections, the exact role of methicillin-resistant staphylococci needs regular surveys in involved geographic areas. Antibiotic treatment must be active on staphylococci and, to a lesser degree, on streptococci.
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2008 Apr
Bernard P.
Department of Dermatology, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims, France.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Bacterial skin infections commonly encountered in the community include impetigo, folliculitis/furunculosis, simple abscesses, erysipelas and other nonnecrotizing cellulitis. The review focuses on recent epidemiological, bacteriological and therapeutic advances.
RECENT FINDINGS: Impetigo and erysipelas occur in about 20 and 1 person/1000/year, respectively. Main risk factors for erysipelas are toe-web intertrigo and lymphedema. The true incidence of furunculosis is unknown, whereas outbreaks in small communities are reported worldwide. Staphylococcus aureus is the predominant pathogen for impetigo and furunculosis, and methicillin-resistant strains play a growing role in both diseases.
Erysipelas are mainly caused by streptococci, whereas local complications (i.e. abscesses or blisters) may be due to staphylococci, including methicillin-resistant strains in involved geographic areas. Recent trends for treating impetigo and furunculosis predate community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus.
For outbreaks of furunculosis, stringent decolonization measures are showing promise, whereas there is no validated therapeutic regimen for chronic furunculosis.
Current trends for erysipelas involve ambulatory treatments and reduced duration of antibiotics.
SUMMARY: Despite better epidemiological or bacteriological knowledge of common bacterial skin infections, the exact role of methicillin-resistant staphylococci needs regular surveys in involved geographic areas. Antibiotic treatment must be active on staphylococci and, to a lesser degree, on streptococci.
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
Labels: common bacterial infections. skin infections, erysipelas impetigo, furuncles, furunculosis, lymphedema, staphylococci, streptococci, toe-web intertrigo
# posted by Pat O'Connor @ 4:57 AM
Friday, November 30, 2007
Nosocomial Gram-positive bacterial infections in children: Results of a 7 year study.
Nosocomial Gram-positive bacterial infections in children: Results of a 7 year study.
Celebi S, Hacimustafaoglu M, Ozdemir O, Ozakin C.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Uludag University Medical Faculty, Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey.
Background: The aim of the present paper was to determine the rate of culture-proven nosocomial infections and evaluate the episodes of nosocomial Gram-positive (GP) bacterial infections in pediatric patients.
Methods: The data of children with positive culture, who were diagnosed as having nosocomial infection on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria, were examined and only the patients with nosocomial GP bacterial infections were included in the study.
Results: Between January 1997 and January 2004 a total of 836 episodes of nosocomial GP bacterial infections were observed. The most frequently seen nosocomial GP bacterial infections were primary bloodstream infections (BSI; 43%), ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections (18%), and nosocomial pneumonias (11%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS; 46%) were the most common nosocomial GP bacteria isolated, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (33%). Methicillin resistance rates for CONS and S. aureus were 85% and 25.2%; respectively. The mortality rate was 4% of all children with nosocomial GP bacterial infections in the present study.
Conclusion: In the present patients primary BSI were the most common nosocomial GP bacterial infections and CONS were the most frequent GP pathogen isolated. Antimicrobial resistance in GP isolates is an increasing problem.
PMID: 18045289 [PubMed - in process]
Celebi S, Hacimustafaoglu M, Ozdemir O, Ozakin C.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Uludag University Medical Faculty, Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey.
Background: The aim of the present paper was to determine the rate of culture-proven nosocomial infections and evaluate the episodes of nosocomial Gram-positive (GP) bacterial infections in pediatric patients.
Methods: The data of children with positive culture, who were diagnosed as having nosocomial infection on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria, were examined and only the patients with nosocomial GP bacterial infections were included in the study.
Results: Between January 1997 and January 2004 a total of 836 episodes of nosocomial GP bacterial infections were observed. The most frequently seen nosocomial GP bacterial infections were primary bloodstream infections (BSI; 43%), ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections (18%), and nosocomial pneumonias (11%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS; 46%) were the most common nosocomial GP bacteria isolated, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (33%). Methicillin resistance rates for CONS and S. aureus were 85% and 25.2%; respectively. The mortality rate was 4% of all children with nosocomial GP bacterial infections in the present study.
Conclusion: In the present patients primary BSI were the most common nosocomial GP bacterial infections and CONS were the most frequent GP pathogen isolated. Antimicrobial resistance in GP isolates is an increasing problem.
PMID: 18045289 [PubMed - in process]
Labels: bloodstream infections, children, Nosocomial Gram-positive bacterial infections, pediatric patients, pneumonias, staphylococci, ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections
# posted by Pat O'Connor @ 3:08 AM
